Evaluation of Distribution Pattern in Urban Services Using Network Anlayse and Nearest Neighborhood Index Based on Distributary Justice Approach: Case of Kabul City

Abstract

Presence of urban services are the most basic urban elements to increase the quality of life
of urban citizens. Unequal distribution of services has led to the creation of social segregation
in cities and would led to inequality and injustice in cities, thus nowadays the urban spaces
have become a showground of social conflicts. Competition for extra opportunities and profits
has replaced socio-economic segregation with ethnic and racial segregation.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the spatial distribution of city services and its level of
access based on the model of distributive justice in the city of Kabul. This research is
geographically descriptive according to the usage and data collection, to analyze the data for
examining the level of service and spatial distribution pattern of services the network analyzes
and nearest neighborhood index (NNI) has been practiced. Moreover, the required data has
been collected through fieldwork surveys, governmental reports and census, websites and
Google Spatial Services. According to the outcomes of the research, educational uses in the
urban area services are the highest level of access, and drugstores have the lowest access level
of access. In terms of spatial distribution pattern, the Mosques, Banks, Gas stations, bus
stations, firefighting stations, pharmacy stores and health centers are distributed in clusters,
besides only educational centers have a regular distribution pattern.